# PortfolioHub Specification

## 1. Overview

PortfolioHub is a FastAPI-based portfolio lifecycle service with a Typer CLI.

- Runtime: Python 3.11+
- API framework: FastAPI
- CLI framework: Typer
- DB driver: Psycopg v3
- Migration: Alembic

Primary goals:

- Manage portfolio lifecycle (create/update/delete/reset)
- Record trade and balance-affecting actions (buy/sell/invest/transfer)
- Expose status and ledger snapshots through API and CLI
- Keep API and CLI behavior aligned through a shared service/repository layer

## 2. Scope and Non-Goals

In scope:

- Authenticated portfolio read and write operations
- Admin-managed user CRUD operations
- Role-based access control (read, trade-write, admin)
- Optional PostgreSQL/Timescale-backed repository via feature flag
- Operational commands for DB bootstrap and migration

Current non-goals / limitations:

- In-memory fallback repository is not implemented for production usage
- External broker execution is not handled here (service focuses on portfolio state)
- Advanced observability wiring for Redis/Loki is not yet implemented in runtime paths

## 3. Architecture

Layered components:

- API layer: HTTP routes and request validation
- CLI layer: command parsing and output rendering
- Service layer: orchestration and response shaping
- Domain layer: business logic rules
- Repository layer: persistence abstraction and concrete Postgres implementation

Key design principle:

- API and CLI call the same `PortfolioService`, so behavior is consistent regardless of entrypoint.

## 4. Entrypoints

HTTP service:

- App factory: `app.main:create_app`
- ASGI app: `app.main:app`
- OpenAPI docs: `/docs`
- ReDoc: `/redoc`

CLI:

- Console script: `portfoliohub`
- Entry function: `app.cli.main:main`

## 5. Configuration Specification

Configuration precedence (high to low):

1. Environment variables
2. `.env` file (loaded at startup if present)
3. Code defaults

Core settings:

- `PORTFOLIOHUB_ALLOWED_ORIGINS`: comma-separated CORS origins
- `PORTFOLIOHUB_BOOTSTRAP_USERNAME`: initial username created on startup when users table is empty
- `PORTFOLIOHUB_BOOTSTRAP_EMAIL`: optional email for the bootstrap user
- `PORTFOLIOHUB_BOOTSTRAP_PASSWORD`: initial password for the bootstrap admin user
- `PORTFOLIOHUB_READ_TOKENS`: comma-separated read tokens
- `PORTFOLIOHUB_TRADE_WRITE_TOKENS`: comma-separated write tokens
- `PORTFOLIOHUB_ADMIN_TOKENS`: comma-separated admin tokens
- `PORTFOLIOHUB_DB_ENABLED`: enables DB repository selection when `true`
- `PORTFOLIOHUB_SESSION_TOKEN_TTL_HOURS`: login session token TTL in hours
- `PORTFOLIOHUB_CLIENT_TOKEN_DEFAULT_TTL_DAYS`: default client token TTL in days
- `PORTFOLIOHUB_BOT_TOKEN_DEFAULT_TTL_DAYS`: default bot token TTL in days

Database settings (active source):

- `TIMESCALEDB_HOST`
- `TIMESCALEDB_PORT`
- `TIMESCALEDB_NAME`
- `TIMESCALEDB_USER`
- `TIMESCALEDB_PASSWORD`
- `TIMESCALEDB_SSLMODE`
- `TIMESCALEDB_CONNECT_TIMEOUT_SEC`
- `TIMESCALEDB_APPLICATION_NAME`

Derived setting:

- `active_database_url` uses PostgreSQL psycopg URL format with encoded credentials and query options.

## 6. Authentication and Authorization

Auth scheme:

- `Authorization: Bearer <token>` required for protected API routes

Permission levels:

- `read`
- `trade-write`
- `admin`

Authorization hierarchy:

- `admin` can access all endpoints
- `trade-write` can access `trade-write` + `read`
- `read` can access only read endpoints

Failure responses:

- Missing/invalid bearer header: `401`
- Unknown token: `401`
- Insufficient permission: `403`

## 7. HTTP API Specification

Base routes:

- Health: `/health`
- Auth: `/auth`
- Portfolio: `/portfolios`
- Users: `/users`

### 7.1 Health Endpoint

- `GET /health`
- Auth: none
- Response `200`:

```json
{"status": "ok"}
```

### 7.2 Portfolio Endpoints

#### List Portfolios

- `GET /portfolios`
- Auth: `read`
- Query params:
  - `broker` (optional string)
  - `status_filter` (optional string)
- Response `200`: array of `PortfolioListItem`

#### Get Portfolio Status

- `GET /portfolios/{portfolio_id}`
- Auth: `read`
- Query params:
  - `recent_trades` (int, default `5`)
- Response `200`: `PortfolioDetailResponse`

#### Create Portfolio

- `POST /portfolios`
- Auth: `trade-write`
- Body: `CreatePortfolioRequest`
- Response `201`: `PortfolioDetailResponse`

#### Update Portfolio

- `PATCH /portfolios/{portfolio_id}`
- Auth: `trade-write`
- Body: `UpdatePortfolioRequest`
- Response `200`: `PortfolioDetailResponse`

#### Buy

- `POST /portfolios/{portfolio_id}/buy`
- Auth: `trade-write`
- Body: `BuyRequest`
- Response `200`: `PortfolioDetailResponse`

#### Sell

- `POST /portfolios/{portfolio_id}/sell`
- Auth: `trade-write`
- Body: `SellRequest`
- Response `200`: `PortfolioDetailResponse`

#### Invest

- `POST /portfolios/{portfolio_id}/invest`
- Auth: `trade-write`
- Body: `InvestRequest`
- Response `200`: `PortfolioDetailResponse`

#### Transfer

- `POST /portfolios/{portfolio_id}/transfer`
- Auth: `trade-write`
- Body: `TransferRequest`
- Response `200`: `PortfolioDetailResponse`

#### Reset

- `POST /portfolios/{portfolio_id}/reset`
- Auth: `trade-write`
- Body: `ResetPortfolioRequest`
- Response `200`: `PortfolioDetailResponse`

#### Delete

- `DELETE /portfolios/{portfolio_id}`
- Auth: `admin`
- Query params:
  - `keep_ledger` (bool, default `false`)
- Response `204`: no content

### 7.3 Strategy Set Endpoints

#### List Strategy Sets

- `GET /strategy-sets`
- Auth: `read`
- Response `200`: array of `StrategySetResponse`

#### Create Strategy Set

- `POST /strategy-sets`
- Auth: `trade-write`
- Body: `CreateStrategySetRequest`
- Response `201`: `StrategySetResponse`

Note: Uses `get_or_create_strategy_set` logic, so if (name, config) pair already exists, returns existing strategy set.

#### Update Strategy Set

- `PATCH /strategy-sets/{strategy_set_id}`
- Auth: `trade-write`
- Body: `UpdateStrategySetRequest`
- Response `200`: `StrategySetResponse`

Note: Since strategy sets are identified by (name, config) uniqueness, updating may result in a new strategy set ID if name or config changes.

#### Delete Strategy Set

- `DELETE /strategy-sets/{strategy_set_id}`
- Auth: `trade-write`
- Response `204`: no content
- Response `409`: Conflict if strategy set is in use by any portfolio

### 7.4 Example Requests and Responses

- See `docs/api-examples.md` for maintained request/response examples.

### 7.5 Auth Endpoints

#### Login

- `POST /auth/login`
- Auth: none
- Body: `LoginRequest`
- Response `200`: `TokenResponse`
- Response `401`: invalid username/password

#### List Current Tokens

- `GET /auth/tokens`
- Auth: `read` or higher with DB-issued token/session
- Response `200`: array of `AuthTokenResponse`

#### Create Client Token

- `POST /auth/tokens`
- Auth: `read` or higher with DB-issued token/session
- Body: `CreateClientTokenRequest`
- Response `201`: `IssuedClientTokenResponse`
- Response `403`: requested token permission exceeds current permission

#### Revoke Client Token

- `DELETE /auth/tokens/{token_id}`
- Auth: `read` or higher with DB-issued token/session
- Response `204`: no content
- Response `404`: token not found

#### Create Bot Principal

- `POST /auth/bots`
- Auth: `admin`
- Body: `CreateBotPrincipalRequest`
- Response `201`: `BotPrincipalResponse`

#### List Bot Principals

- `GET /auth/bots`
- Auth: `admin`
- Query params:
  - `is_active` (optional bool)
- Response `200`: array of `BotPrincipalResponse`

#### Get Bot Principal

- `GET /auth/bots/{bot_id}`
- Auth: `admin`
- Response `200`: `BotPrincipalResponse`
- Response `404`: bot not found

#### Deactivate Bot Principal

- `DELETE /auth/bots/{bot_id}`
- Auth: `admin`
- Response `200`: `BotPrincipalResponse`
- Behavior: deactivates bot and revokes all active tokens linked to the bot

#### Issue Bot Token

- `POST /auth/bots/{bot_id}/tokens`
- Auth: `admin`
- Body: `CreateBotTokenRequest`
- Response `201`: `IssuedBotTokenResponse`

#### List Bot Tokens

- `GET /auth/bots/{bot_id}/tokens`
- Auth: `admin`
- Response `200`: array of `AuthTokenResponse`

#### Revoke Bot Token

- `DELETE /auth/bots/{bot_id}/tokens/{token_id}`
- Auth: `admin`
- Response `204`: no content

### 7.6 User Endpoints

All user management endpoints are admin-only.

#### List Users

- `GET /users`
- Auth: `admin`
- Response `200`: array of `UserResponse`

#### Get User

- `GET /users/{user_id}`
- Auth: `admin`
- Response `200`: `UserResponse`
- Response `404`: user not found

#### Create User

- `POST /users`
- Auth: `admin`
- Body: `CreateUserRequest`
- Response `201`: `UserResponse`
- Response `409`: duplicate username or email

Bootstrap rule:

- If DB-backed persistence is enabled and both `PORTFOLIOHUB_BOOTSTRAP_USERNAME` and `PORTFOLIOHUB_BOOTSTRAP_PASSWORD` are configured, application startup creates the bootstrap admin user only when the `users` table is empty.

#### Update User

- `PATCH /users/{user_id}`
- Auth: `admin`
- Body: `UpdateUserRequest`
- Response `200`: `UserResponse`
- Response `404`: user not found
- Response `409`: duplicate username or email

#### Delete User

- `DELETE /users/{user_id}`
- Auth: `admin`
- Response `204`: no content
- Response `404`: user not found

## 8. Schema Specification

### 8.1 Request Models

`CreatePortfolioRequest`

- `portfolio_id: str`
- `broker: str = "kis"`
- `status: str = "enabled"`
- `name: str | null` (when null, defaults to `symbol`)
- `symbol: str`
- `strategy_name: str = "target_value"`
- `strategy_params: object = {}`
- `active_strategy_id: str | null`
- `avabile_strategies: string[] | null`
- `cash_balance: float >= 0`
- `asset_quantity: float >= 0`
- `asset_price: float >= 0`
- `profit_buffer: float >= 0`

`UpdatePortfolioRequest` (all fields optional)

- `broker: str | null`
- `status: str | null`
- `name: str | null`
- `symbol: str | null`
- `strategy_name: str | null`
- `strategy_params: object | null`
- `active_strategy_id: str | null`
- `avabile_strategies: string[] | null`
- `asset_price: float >= 0 | null`

`BuyRequest` / `SellRequest`

- `quantity: float > 0`

`CreateUserRequest`

- `username: str`
- `email: str | null`
- `password: str`
- `permission: "read" | "trade-write" | "admin"`
- `is_active: bool`

`UpdateUserRequest`

- `username: str | null`
- `email: str | null`
- `password: str | null`
- `permission: "read" | "trade-write" | "admin" | null`
- `is_active: bool | null`

`LoginRequest`

- `username: str`
- `password: str`

`CreateClientTokenRequest`

- `name: str`
- `permission: "read" | "trade-write" | "admin" | null`
- `expires_in_days: int | null`

`CreateBotPrincipalRequest`

- `name: str`
- `permission: "read" | "trade-write" | "admin"`
- `description: str | null`

`CreateBotTokenRequest`

- `name: str`
- `permission: "read" | "trade-write" | "admin" | null`
- `expires_in_days: int | null`
- `price: float > 0`
- `fee: float >= 0`
- `tax: float >= 0`
- `note: str = ""`

`InvestRequest`

- `movement_type: "deposit" | "profit" | "withdraw"`
- `amount: float > 0`
- `note: str = ""`

`TransferRequest`

- `direction: "to-buffer" | "from-buffer"`
- `amount: float > 0`
- `note: str = ""`

`ResetPortfolioRequest`

- `infer_symbol: str | null`

`CreateStrategySetRequest`

- `name: str`
- `config: str`

`UpdateStrategySetRequest` (all fields optional)

- `name: str | null`
- `config: str | null`

### 8.2 Response Models

`PortfolioListItem`

- Includes portfolio summary fields and computed `total_value`

`PortfolioSummary`

- `portfolio_id: str`
- `broker: str`
- `status: str`
- `name: str`
- `symbol: str`
- `cash_balance: float`
- `asset_quantity: float`
- `price: float`
- `profit_buffer: float`
- `active_strategy_id: str | null`
- `avabile_strategies: string[] | null`
- `created_at: datetime | null`
- `updated_at: datetime | null`
- `last_trade_at: datetime | null`

`PortfolioDetailResponse`

- `portfolio: PortfolioSummary`
- `recent_entries: LedgerEntryResponse[]`
- `strategy_set: StrategySetResponse | null`
- `live_quantity: float | null`

`StrategySetResponse`

- `id: str`
- `name: str`
- `config: str`
- `nick: str`
- `created_at: datetime | null`

`LedgerEntryResponse`

- Snapshot-oriented ledger response including balances after each action

`ErrorResponse`

- `detail: str`

`BotPrincipalResponse`

- `id: str`
- `name: str`
- `permission: "read" | "trade-write" | "admin"`
- `description: str | null`
- `is_active: bool`
- `created_at: datetime | null`
- `updated_at: datetime | null`
- `deactivated_at: datetime | null`

## 9. CLI Specification

Global option:

- `--format [table|json]` (default: `table`)

Commands:

- `portfoliohub init-db [--maintenance-db postgres]`
- `portfoliohub migrate-db`
- `portfoliohub health-check`

Portfolio subcommands:

- `portfoliohub portfolio list [--broker ...] [--status ...]`
- `portfoliohub portfolio status <portfolio_id> [--recent 5]`
- `portfoliohub portfolio create <portfolio_id> --symbol ... [--name ...] [options] [--force]`
- `portfoliohub portfolio update <portfolio_id> [options] [--force]`
- `portfoliohub portfolio buy <portfolio_id> --quantity ... --price ... [options] [--force]`
- `portfoliohub portfolio sell <portfolio_id> --quantity ... --price ... [options] [--force]`
- `portfoliohub portfolio invest <portfolio_id> --type <deposit|profit|withdraw> --amount ... [options] [--force]`
- `portfoliohub portfolio transfer <portfolio_id> --direction <to-buffer|from-buffer> --amount ... [options] [--force]`
- `portfoliohub portfolio reset <portfolio_id> [--infer-symbol ...] [--force]`
- `portfoliohub portfolio delete <portfolio_id> [--keep-ledger] [--force]`

Strategy subcommands:

- `portfoliohub strategy list`
- `portfoliohub strategy create --name ... --config ...`
- `portfoliohub strategy update <strategy_set_id> [--name ...] [--config ...]`
- `portfoliohub strategy delete <strategy_set_id> [--force]`

Confirmation behavior:

- Mutating portfolio commands request confirmation by default.
- `--force` bypasses confirmation prompts.

## 10. Persistence and Migration Specification

Repository selection:

- If `PORTFOLIOHUB_DB_ENABLED=false`: an unimplemented placeholder repository raises `FeatureNotReadyError` on access.
- If `PORTFOLIOHUB_DB_ENABLED=true`: `PostgresPortfolioRepository` is used.

Migration commands:

- `init-db`: create target DB if missing, then apply Alembic `head`
- `migrate-db`: apply Alembic `head` to existing target DB

Migration source of truth:

- `migrations/versions`

DB schema specification:

- Detailed table/column/index constraints are documented in `docs/db-schema-spec.md`.
- The documentation is generated from and must stay consistent with Alembic revisions under `migrations/versions`.

## 11. Error Handling

Application-level errors are translated through registered exception handlers.

Typical error classes include:

- authorization failures (`401`, `403`)
- domain/repository-level failures surfaced by service operations
- feature-not-ready errors when DB mode is disabled but persistence is required

## 12. CORS Policy

CORS middleware is enabled with:

- `allow_origins` from configured origins list
- `allow_credentials = true`
- `allow_methods = ["GET", "POST", "PATCH", "DELETE", "OPTIONS"]`
- `allow_headers = ["Authorization", "Content-Type"]`

## 13. Testing Specification

Test framework:

- `pytest`

Configured behavior:

- test paths: `tests`
- recursion excluded: `temp`, `.git`, `.venv`

Current test modules include API, auth, CLI, and domain service coverage.

## 14. Versioning and Compatibility

- Current package version: `0.1.0`
- API version exposure follows application version setting (`app_version`)
- Minimum Python version: `3.11`

## 15. Future Extension Points

- Redis-backed cache/session integration
- Loki logging pipeline integration
- Additional brokers and order-execution adapters
- Enhanced operational/admin endpoints